![]() The palace was burned by rioters in 1831 and eventually converted into a museum and art gallery for the city council. The medieval castle was later replaced by an opulent 17th-century palace built for the Duke of Newcastle. The castle was Richard II's favourite reside, and it was from it that marched out to do battle at Bosworth in 1485, where he lost both his kingdom and his life. More drama ensued in 1330 when the young Edward II crept through the caves at night to capture his enemy Roger Mortimer while he slept. When the garrison surrendered he had them all killed. Richard returned in time to besiege the castle. King John seized the castle in 1194 during his brother Richard the Lionheart's absence on the Third Crusade. The castle was begun by William the Conqueror in 1068 and rebuilt in stone by Henry II. High on a rocky outcrop riddled with caves and tunnels stands Nottingham Castle. Today the historic Lace Market is one of Nottingham's most popular areas. Demand for lace declined in the 20th century and by 1950 the once-busy Lace Market had fallen on hard times and was faced with demolition before it was restored and renovated as a mix of popular accommodation, restaurants, clubs and shops. The boom time for Nottingham lace and the Lace Market was the mid-Victorian period, with large showrooms and warehouses drawing buyers from around the world. Many of the street names end in 'gate', which does not mean a gate, but comes from the Danish word for a street. ![]() Over time the new and old settlements grew and merged together to form Nottingham as we know it today. This new settlement was known as French Borough. When William the Conqueror seized the English throne in 1066 he had a fortification built outside the settlement on what is now Castle Rock.Ī new settlement grew up at the foot of Castle Rock, between the Norman castle and the original Danish settlement. The settlement grew and flourished as part of the Danelaw, a vast swath of eastern England controlled by Danish Vikings. ![]() The city name comes from the Anglo-Saxon term ' Snotengaham', or home of the wise man's people. There are more than 500 caves under Nottingham and more are being discovered on a regular basis. The earliest settlers lived in caves hollowed out of the sandstone cliffs, and later inhabitants extended the cave system underground, creating an astonishing system of caves and tunnels that underlies most of the modern city. There are some restrictions upon access to parts of the University holdings and further work is required upon the consolidation and cataloguing of the papers.Nottingham is a historic city at the confluence of three rivers. Publications such as the University Calendar, Annual Reports, departmental prospectuses and student publications are housed in a section within the East Midlands Special Collection. See also Personal papers for material collected by former members of staff and students. The records include papers of the Students' Union and various other student and staff societies. Coverage of the early years following the opening of the College in 1881, and of the last 50 years is less comprehensive. The historical records of The University of Nottingham and its predecessor, University College, Nottingham, relate particularly to the development of the University from the 1920s to the 1960s.
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